Heart failure diagnosis and management
Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump blood efficiently to meet the body’s needs. Accurate diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and advanced testing, including echocardiography and ECG, to identify the type and severity of the condition. Management is tailored to each patient and combines evidence-based medical therapy, lifestyle optimisation, and structured follow-up to improve symptoms, reduce hospital admissions, and enhance long-term quality of life.
Atrial fibrillation and cardiac arrhythmias
Atrial fibrillation and other cardiac arrhythmias are conditions in which the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly, disrupting normal blood flow and increasing the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular complications. Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia and often requires specialist assessment to prevent long-term consequences.
Post–myocardial infarction cardiac rehabilitation
Post–myocardial infarction cardiac rehabilitation is a structured, medically supervised programme designed to support recovery following a heart attack. It focuses on restoring physical capacity, improving heart function, reducing the risk of future cardiac events, and supporting long-term lifestyle change through exercise prescription, risk factor control, and ongoing clinical assessment.
Preventive cardiology and cardiovascular risk management
Preventive cardiology focuses on identifying and reducing cardiovascular risk before the onset of heart disease or its progression. It involves the assessment and management of key risk factors such as hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and family history, alongside lifestyle optimisation and targeted medical therapy.
Cardiac imaging including:
- Echocardiography
- Coronary CT angiography
Advanced cardiac imaging plays a critical role in the accurate diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. Echocardiography provides real-time assessment of heart structure, function, and valve performance, while coronary CT angiography allows detailed, non-invasive visualisation of the coronary arteries to detect atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Correct acquisition and, critically, expert interpretation of these studies are essential to ensure precise diagnosis and appropriate clinical decision-making.
